TA-Metabolic

INTRODUCTION

Metabolic Disease

More than 1 billion people worldwide live with CRM conditions, which include cardiovascular diseases such as heart disease, chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes1. Collectively these conditions are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 20 million deaths annually2-4. CRM conditions are interconnected, often co-exist and can amplify one another. However, correct management of one CRM disease can improve others5-10.

Metabolic
Metabolic

References:

  1. Schechter M, Melzer Cohen C, Yanuv I, et al. Epidemiology of the diabetes cardio-renal spectrum: a cross-sectional report of 4 million adults. Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2022;21(1):104. doi:10.1186/s12933-022-01521-9.

  2. Non communicable diseases. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noncommunicable-diseases. Last accessed: October 2023.

  3. Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet. 2020;396(10258):1204-1222. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30925-9.

  4. Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, et al. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet. 2016;388(10053):1459-1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1.

  5. Garcia-Donaire JA, Ruilope LM. Int J Nephrol. 2011;2011:975782.

  6. Stokes J, Guthrie B, Mercer SW, Rice N, Sutton M. Multimorbidity combinations, costs of hospital care and potentially preventable emergency admissions in England: A cohort study. PLOS Medicine. 2021;18(1):e1003514. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003514.

  7. Biswas T, Townsend N, Huda MM, et al. Prevalence of multiple non-communicable diseases risk factors among adolescents in 140 countries: A population-based study. eClinical Medicine. 2022;52:101591. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101591.

  8. Asogwa OA, Boateng D, Marzà-Florensa A, et al. Multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2022;12(1):e049133. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049133.

  9. Roth GA, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: Update from the GBD 2019 Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020;76:2982–3021.

  10. Cefalu WT, et al. Advances in the science, treatment, and prevention of the disease of obesity: Reflections from a diabetes care editors’ expert forum. Diabetes Care 2015;38(8):1567–1582.

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